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Word Biblical Commentary, Volume 51: 1, 2, 3 John is unavailable, but you can change that!

Stephen Smalley’s exhaustive commentary on the Greek text of the letters of John argues that these epistles, together with the fourth Gospel, record and reflect the spiritual history of the Johannine community itself. These letters contain theological, ethical and practical truths that are fundamental to the Christian position in every age: that Jesus is one with God as well as one with us; that...

“darkness” is error), and in a moral sense to represent righteousness (where “darkness” is evil). So, for example, Ps 119:130; Isa 5:20; Mic 7:8b; see also Ps 27:1. (In the NT cf. Rom 13:11–14; 2 Pet 1:19.) This language is also familiar to us from the literature of Qumran (cf. 1QS 1:5, 9–10; 5:19–21; 1QH 4:5–6; 1QM 13:15; and note the description of God as “perfect light” in 1QH 18:29). See further the association between Jesus and light in the Fourth Gospel (he is the carrier of divine illumination),
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